Radiological aspects of lymphomas and leukaemias affecting the jaws: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: This systematic review aimed to investigate the radiological features of lymphomas and leukaemias affecting the jaws. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted using the electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Articles that contained sufficient radiographic examinations (periapical, panoramic or computed tomography images) for individual cases were included. Additionally, either immunohistochemical or molecular confirmation was required prior to inclusion. Three authors evaluated and described the image quality and radiological features. RESULTS: From an initial 1079 articles screened, 129 cases were included, containing 88 tomographic, 76 panoramic and 26 periapical examinations. The quality of the majority of images was sufficient for evaluation. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, leukemic infiltration, plasmablastic lymphoma and extranodal Natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type were the most common subtypes. Involved teeth presented with mobility in 37.2% of the cases and a provisional diagnosis of inflammatory/infectious dental disease was considered in 49.2% of cases. Computed tomography exams were available for 76% of the cases, with most presented with an osteolytic lesion with ill-defined borders. Periosteal reactions were uncommon. CONCLUSION: Lymphoma/leukaemia infiltrates of the jaw bones are usually of high-grade subtypes and rarely present with periosteal reactions.

Expression of mitochondrial dynamic markers in adenoid cystic carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial fission and fusion processes are known as mitochondrial dynamics and the occurrence of imbalances in the mitochondrial activity is related to the pathogenesis of many human cancers. However, the importance of mitochondrial dynamics in malignant salivary gland tumours remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate its prognostic significance in adenoid cystic carcinoma. METHODS: Fifty-seven formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cases were retrieved and disposed in tissue microarray. Histological sections were submitted to immunohistochemical reactions against AMT, DRP1, FIS1, MFN1, MFN2 and OPA1 proteins. Clinical data were retrieved from the patients' medical files, including specific and disease-free survival data. RESULTS: It was observed that 50.9% of the cases were strongly positive for AMT and DRP1, and 49.1%, 21.1%, 22.8% and 24.6% strongly positive for FIS1, MFN1, MFN2 and OPA1, respectively. Reactions were observed in both epithelial and myoepithelial components of the tumour. The higher expression of MFN2 was associated with solid microscopic pattern (p = 0.016). DRP1 overexpression showed a trend towards a shorter overall survival (p = 0.054), while negative/weak OPA1 showed a trend towards a lower disease-free survival (p = 0.051) in the univariate analysis, but no mitochondrial marker represented an independent prognostic determinant under multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, mitochondrial dynamics markers do not seem to carry a prognostic significance for adenoid cystic carcinoma patients, but these proteins may play an important role in its pathogenesis.

Acquired oral syphilis: A multicenter study of 339 patients from South America.

OBJECTIVE: To report the clinicopathologic features of acquired oral syphilis cases in South American countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical data were retrospectively collected from the records of 18 oral diagnostic services in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, Uruguay, and Peru. Serologies of nontreponemal and treponemal tests were used for diagnosis. RESULTS: The series comprised 339 cases of acquired oral syphilis. Secondary syphilis ranked as the most common stage (86.7%). Lesions were more frequent among males (58.0%) and young adults with a mean age of 33.3 years. Individuals aged 20-29 years were most affected (35.3%). The most commonly involved sites were the tongue (31.6%), lip/labial commissure (25.1%), and hard/soft palate (20.4%). Clinically, acquired oral syphilis usually presented as mucous patches (28.4%), papules (25.7%), and ulcers (18.1%). Skin manifestations occurred in 67.7% of individuals, while lymphadenopathy and fever were observed in 61.3% and 11.6% of all subjects, respectively. Most patients were treated with the benzathine penicillin G antibiotic. CONCLUSION: This report validates the spread of acquired oral syphilis infection among young adults in South America. Our directives include accessible diagnostic tools for proper disease screening, surveillance, and counselling of affected individuals, especially in low- and middle-income countries.